Acetone occurs naturally in plants, trees, forest fires, vehicle exhaust and as a breakdown product of animal fat metabolism. It may be normally present in very small quantities in urine and blood; larger amounts may be found in the urine and blood of diabetics. Larger concentrations of acetone in breath are also associated with fasting and sinusitis.
a colorless volatile liquid ketone with a fruity smell resembling nail polish remover or paint thinner. It is made by oxidizing isopropanol, and is used as an organic solvent, synthetic reagent, and as an antiseptic.
Acetone occurs naturally in plants, trees, forest fires, vehicle exhaust and as a breakdown product of animal fat metabolism. It may be normally present in very small quantities in urine and blood; larger amounts may be found in the urine and blood of diabetics. Larger concentrations of acetone in breath are also associated with fasting and sinusitis.
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a clear, colorless liquid with a sweet burnt taste and sweetish ethereal odor, that might resemble sweaty feet. Formula CH3CN, CAS number 75-05-8 Acetonitrile vapors have been detected in feces, breath, blood and saliva of healthy individuals. At higher concentrations, it is a hazardous chemical substance and, if inhaled, can produce serious acute (short term) toxicity, including loss of consciousness or death. Toxicity depends on the amount, route (inhalation, contact, and ingestion), time and frequency of exposure(s); acute symptoms are usually abdominal pain, convulsions, labored breathing, weakness, unconsciousness and redness in the skin and eyes. With prolonged exposure, the liver, lungs, kidneys, and central nervous system may be affected. Environmental sources of acetonitrile include grass or other biomass burning and automobile exhaust. Acetonitrile poisoning can also occur by drinking contaminated water or by ingesting contaminated foods. smells associated with sour and acidic substances such as vinegar, fermenting milk or vegetables, wine or lemon. Can be pungent and sharp as Formic acid and Capric acid in goats’ milk, vinegary as acetic and propionic acid, or sourish and cheesy as isovaleric acid responsible for "locker room" odor, "dirty socks" smell and stinky feet. Some acidic breath or body odors are associated with yeast infections, cystic fibrosis and cancers, but it could also be a side effect of diet, medications and microbial imbalance (skin and gut flora) Air-conditioned indoor environment. Air conditioning device controls the humidity, ventilation, and temperature to maintain a cool atmosphere. Could provide health benefits for breathing and for reducing harmful particulate matter through the various processes like filtration, humidification, cooling, and disinfection. For people with asthma or allergy to mold, it is advised to regularly change AC filters and use electrostatic filters that trap allergens. Air conditioning can also be held responsible for a few health problems. If it is not properly maintained, it can actually facilitate the spread of micro-organisms such as Legionella pneumophila. Air conditioning units can also generate sounds to which when someone is exposed over a considerably long period of time can lead to the individual's hear loss. Cleaning conditions, building characteristics, products used in households, cultural habits, climate and outdoor environment can also influence air-conditioned indoor air quality. Air pollutants are small and larger particles that can be drawn into the body, biological matter such as pollen, microbes or hair, and gas molecules that can be harmful to humans, animals and food crops. Pollen can be as small as 10 micrometers (µm), tobacco smoke particles are about 0.01 µm, and smog (translucent cubes of smoke and fog primarily resulting from automobile combustion) as small as 0.001 µm. The Clean Air Act requires EPA to set National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for six common air pollutants: particle pollution, photochemical oxidants and ground-level ozone, carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and lead. Examples of other toxic air pollutants include benzene, found in gasoline; perchlorethlyene, emitted from some dry cleaning facilities; methylene chloride, used as a solvent and paint stripper by a number of industries; asbestos released form some building materials, plastic and textiles; refrigerants released from vehicle air conditioners; airborne formaldehyde from smoke, cosmetics and disinfectants. Strong, acrid, pungent odor easily recognizable in cleaning products like Windex, vinegar, cat urine, chicken manure and, for some people, sweat. Gaseous amines possess a characteristic ammonia smell, liquid amines have a distinctive "fishy" smell. Human breath may have an ammonia-like odor (also described as urine-like or "fishy") in people with chronic kidney failure, uremia and other stages of renal disease. It occurs due to nitrogen-containing compounds, namely amines dimethylamine (DMA) and trimethylamine (TMA). Disturbances in the metabolism of amines may be also observed in epilepsy (increased 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol in urine), Parkinson's and dementia (deficient turnover of amines in the brain). Ammonia-smelling urine could mean dehydration or bacterial infection. a derivative of testosterone also known as androsta-4,16,-dien-3-one, this endogenous steroid has been described as having potent pheromone-like activities in humans. This chemical component of male sweat (and semen) can influence not only women (improving mood, inducing ovulation) but also other men's behavior making them more cooperative. Androstadienone's odor can be described as vaguely musky, but it depends on the gene OR7D4 if it smells pleasant or repulsive. a heat-resistant fibrous silicate mineral that can be woven into fabrics, and is used in fire-resistant and insulating materials such as brake linings. People may be exposed to asbestos in their workplace, their communities, or their homes. If products containing asbestos are disturbed, tiny asbestos fibers are released into the air. When asbestos fibers are breathed in, they may get trapped in the lungs and remain there for a long time. Over time, these fibers can accumulate and cause scarring and inflammation, which can affect breathing and lead to serious health problems Low levels of asbestos are present in the air, water, and soil. However, to become ill from asbestos, people have to be exposed to it on a regular basis, by working directly with the material or through substantial environmental contact. Several hundred mold species found in various climates worldwide. Belongs to Ascomycota (sac fungi) group. Common contaminants of starchy foods (such as bread and potatoes), and grow in or on many plants and trees. Aspergillus niger can be found growing on damp walls, as a major component of mildew. Aspergillus oryzae can be found in Japanese sake where it is used to break down the starches (rice, manioc) into simpler sugars. Some Aspergillus species are pathogenic. Aspergillus flavus produces aflatoxin which is both a toxin and a carcinogen, and which can contaminate foods such as nuts. The most common causing allergic disease are Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus clavatus. hydrocarbon present in coal tar and petroleum, cigarette smoke, used in chemical synthesis, motor fuels, solvents, detergents, pesticides, personal care items such as nail polish or hair color and many other substances. It has a sweet, aromatic, gasoline-like odor. Benzene is a carcinogen that causes leukemia as well as a number of other illnesses. Virtually the entire U.S. population is exposed to benzene, at least in small amounts -- at gas stations (it's in the gasoline), in diesel exhaust or from cigarette smoke, including second-hand smoke. Benzene is also a problem in a number of workplaces, including oil refineries, coal-coking operations at steel mills, chemical processing plants, rubber manufacturing plants and laboratories, where it is often used as a solvent for other chemicals. You can avoid one significant source of benzene by stepping away from the gas pump when refueling your car. Benzene levels in breath increase after exposure to tobacco smoke, but there are additional sources of benzene in breath than ambient air. It is difficult to establish exact relationships with the number of cigarettes smoked, or with other benzene exposures such as diet. |
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