Quinolones

synthetic broad-spectrum antibiotics that could be also isolated from natural sources, for example, from bacteria Pseudonocardia in soil. 
Quinolones antibiotic medications include:

• Nalidixic acid (Nevigramon, Neggram, Wintomylon, WIN 18,320) 
• Ciprofloxacin (Ciloxan Ophthalmic and Cipro)
• Levofloxacin (Levaquin and QUIXIN Ophthalmic)
• Lomefloxacin (Maxaquin)
• Moxifloxacin (Avelox)
• Norfloxacin (Chibroxin Ophthalmic and Noroxin Oral)
• Ofloxacin (Floxin and Ocuflox Ophthalmic)
• Sparfloxacin (Zagam)
• Trovafloxacin (Trovan)

First-generation drugs (e.g., nalidixic acid) achieve minimal serum levels and are limited to gram negative bacteria (UTIs) Second-generation quinolones (fluoroquinolones - norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin): improved Gram negative coverage with activity against S. aureus (systemic infections) have increased gram-negative and systemic activity. Third-generation drugs (e.g., levofloxacin) have expanded activity against gram-positive bacteria and atypical pathogens. Fourth-generation quinolone drugs (trovafloxacin, besifloxacin) add significant activity against anaerobes. Novel 8-chloro fluoroquinolone besifloxacin (Bestivance) is a 2-nd generation fluoroqionolone and it might be the last generation, because it might be difficult to improve upon the currently available agents. 

---

see how Quinolones affected others