Trimethylglycine (TMG) is a molecule which, structurally, is the amino acid Glycine with three methyl groups attached to it. It was originally as 'betaine' as it was the first dietary betaine discovered from Beet Root (Beta vulgaris). It is an ‘osmolyte’, a molecule that regulates water balance in cells, and protects cells, proteins, and enzymes from environmental stress (eg, low water, high salinity, or extreme temperature). It is also a methyl donor, participating in the methionine cycle—primarily in the human liver and kidneys. Inadequate dietary intake of methyl groups leads to hypomethylation in protein and fat metabolism. If disturbed, it may contribute to various diseases, including coronary, cerebral, hepatic, and vascular diseases. Betaine has been shown to protect internal organs, improve vascular risk factors, and enhance performance.
Besides beets, TMG is commonly found in our diet in whole grains, spinach and shellfish.
Betaine may cause fish odor in some cases (for example, if an individual with Homocystinuria on betaine therapy) leading to excessive production of dimethylglycine or trimethylamine.
Besides beets, TMG is commonly found in our diet in whole grains, spinach and shellfish.
Betaine may cause fish odor in some cases (for example, if an individual with Homocystinuria on betaine therapy) leading to excessive production of dimethylglycine or trimethylamine.
